Centrifugal pumps in the agriculture and industry.

Centrifugal pump is a pump, in which liquid motion and required pressure are created by the centrifugal force generated by impact of the impeller blades on liquid.

Impeller is fixed on the shaft, inside the pump housing that, as a rule, has a spiral shape. It could be both of an open type (disc plateon which the blades are installed) and of closed type – the blades are positioned between the front and rear disc plates. The blades are bent from the radial direction in the direction opposite to the direction of the impeller rotation. The pump housing is connected to the suction and pressure pipelines using connecting pipes.

If the pump housing is completely filled with liquid from the suction pipeline, then while rotation of the impeller(for example, using the electric motor), the liquid which is inside the impeller channels (between its blades) under the action of centrifugal force will be thrown from the wheel center to the periphery. Asaresult, depressionwillbecreatedintheimpellercentralpart, and pressure will be increased in the periphery. If the pressure will be increased, then liquid from the pump starts to come into the pressure pipeline. Asaconsequence, depressioniscreatedinsidethepumphousing, under the action of which the liquid simultaneously starts to come into the pump from the suction pipeline. Therefore, there is a continuous supply of liquid from the suction pipeline into the pressure pipeline by the centrifugal pump.

Centrifugal pumps could be not only of a single stage (with one impeller), but also of multiple stage (with several impellers). Herewith, the principle of their action in all cases is the same as always. Theliquidwillmoveundertheactionofcentrifugalforce, whichgeneratesduetotherotating impeller.

Centrifugal pumps are used in the heat and power plants to supply boilers, to feed condensate into the system of regenerative heating of feed water, condensing water into the turbine condensers, system water in the cogeneration systems. They are also used in the thermal power plants in the hydraulic ash-transport systems. Centrifugal pumps of special designs of standard and hermetically sealed versions are used in the technological cycle of nuclear power plants.

Pumps are widely used in the industrial enterprises, in the agriculture as well as in water supply for cities. Centrifugal pumps are operating in the industry in the systems of economic and industrial water supply; they are also used to supply different solutions and reagents in the production scheme. They are widely used in the construction and coal industry during sluicing and hydraulic coal mining. Such pumps are used in the light, chemical, food and petroleum industries for various purposes. They are used in the pipelines systems for transportation of water and oil for long distances. It should be noted that all public water supply systems are based on the use of centrifugal pumps.

Centrifugal downhole pumps are typically used in the agriculture for water supply of livestock farms. Centrifugal pumps with heavy supply are used in large water distribution systems of irrigated farming.